Structural characteristics of surface grinding machine

The structural characteristics of a surface grinder are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. High rigidity and high stability bed body

Material selection: The bed body mostly adopts integral granite structure or cast iron structure. Granite has characteristics such as high damping, small vibration, and good thermal stability, which can ensure high rigidity and stability of the grinder. Cast iron is also an ideal choice for bed structures due to its good seismic resistance, wear resistance, and thermal stability.

Design features: The design of the bed usually focuses on reducing vibration and deformation to ensure machining accuracy. For example, using a double wall structure for columns can enhance rigidity, reduce thermal deformation, and achieve smooth movement with low noise.

2. Workbench

Material and Structure: The workbench is also made of integral granite structure to ensure high precision and stability. On the basis of traditional closed static pressure guide rails, a large flat closed static pressure guide rail with high rigidity and precision has been developed to achieve large stroke, smooth, and reliable reciprocating motion of the worktable.

Driving method: The worktable is usually driven by SIEMENS linear motors and designed with independent static pressure guide rails to prevent the movement of the linear motor from affecting the worktable. The motion state of the worktable is closed-loop controlled by a high-precision grating system, ensuring the high-precision and fast response motion characteristics of the worktable.

3. Grinding wheel holder and grinding wheel system

Grinding wheel holder design: Developed a wide speed range, high rigidity, and high-precision grinding wheel hydrostatic spindle system to achieve high rigidity and high-precision rotary motion of the grinding wheel. The grinding wheel shaft is supported by liquid hydrostatic bearings and equipped with a cooling fluid to forcibly cool the spindle motor, ensuring the stability and durability of the grinding wheel under high-speed rotation.

Grinding wheel balancing device: The grinding wheel spindle is also equipped with a grinding wheel balancing device, which can continuously monitor the condition of the grinding wheel and immediately compensate for possible unbalance to ensure the smoothness and accuracy of the machining process.

4. Column, slide and crossbeam

Structure and Control: The design of columns, slides, and beams focuses on reducing thermal deformation and deformation caused by self weight. For example, the column adopts a double-layer wall structure to enhance rigidity; The crossbeam is made of granite to control thermal deformation; The lateral displacement slide of the grinding wheel is placed on a fixed crossbeam and driven by high-precision ball screws and servo motors to achieve high-precision lateral and vertical motion.

Unloading device: In order to reduce the deformation of the crossbeam caused by the self weight and lateral displacement of the grinding wheel frame slide, an unloading device (unloading crossbeam) is installed directly above the crossbeam to bear most of the self weight of the grinding wheel frame slide, and synchronize with the lateral displacement of the grinding wheel slide through grating position feedback, thereby minimizing the impact of crossbeam deformation on grinding processing.

5. Electrical Control and Automation

Numerical Control System: Surface grinders typically use advanced numerical control systems (such as SIEMENS 808D) for electrical control, ensuring stable and reliable machining processes and simplified maintenance.

Automation function: Some surface grinders are also equipped with automation functions such as automatic sizing grinding to reduce labor costs and improve processing efficiency.

6. Safety and Protection

Safety design: The workbench protective cover is usually a semi enclosed cover with a sliding door. When the cover door is opened, the machine tool cannot be started to ensure the safety of the operator.

Automatic shutdown and alarm: If the machine tool experiences abnormal situations such as lubrication and oil shortage, it will automatically shut down and alarm to facilitate timely handling and prevent further damage.

In summary, the structural characteristics of surface grinders are mainly reflected in high rigidity and high stability bed, high-precision and stable worktable, high rigidity and high-precision grinding wheel frame and grinding wheel system, reasonable column slide and crossbeam design, and advanced electrical control and automation functions. These characteristics collectively ensure the high precision, efficiency, and stability of the surface grinder during the machining process.